Remember in Lawrence of Arabia where all Arabs were separated by tribes and religion? Most of these still exist including further divisions of several different religions.

There are democratic hybrids that include Jorden, Iran, Tunisia and others/ under a Democratic alliance monarchy. Iraq was one of these but has become a quasi colony of Iran since US interference failed.
Egypt tried a new improved democracy and failed. What is left are State religion tribal kingdoms / dictators.

This explanation is totally facile. The details are a complex shifting of family tribal religious coups, super power alliances, assassinations and takeovers. Who knew it was so complex. Then in the middle of all this Ethniclashistan, there is Israel.

There is hope. I heard that Trump not only has a secret plan to defeat Issus but, with Jared's help, has a plan to unify all Islam just as soon as they learn to pronounce all the factions. Trump's brilliant plan-Deal has been put on hold since tweeting "we will take all their oil".

I am no middle east expert but I have eyes that detect lies.