"...they would probably turn to harvesting the lumber in a responsible fashion..."
I really doubt that this would happen. Logging can be done be a very few people with big machines. Sure, a few might do something along these lines, but these people are burning in order to get in 2-3 years of farming before the VERY shallow topsoil is exhausted. The problem is only very partially education. The big problem is population and poverty, and it is much easier to allow poor people to go out and fend for themselves, rather than try to deal with them in already overcrowded cities.

Population is a problem in many places in the world, and is THE key to the whole situation....it's just that Brazil is a special case right now, as what is happening there has wider immediate consequences than overpopulation in, for example, Bangladesh. (Global consequences, that is)

....I am trying to think how to guide this train of thought, as it could easily turn into simple soapbox preaching about environmental issues in general...(overfishing, pollution, land use, pesticides...etc.) Granted, they ARE all interrelated, but trying to do justice to the whole morass in overwhelming. Perhaps other threads at other times.