Shanties were used on merchant ships, not on navy ships (considered bad for discipline, for one thing). When rhythm was needed in the navy, they tended to use a fiddler or drummer.

Not wishing to pick a fight with Freda, I would point out that Harry Robertson's songs (and he was an expatriate Scot) are not in any way shanties, fine as they are. He wrote a number of songs about his whaling experiences in Australia, which doesn't answer the question.

There were Gallic rowing songs, certainly, but I don't know them. My feeling is that a Scottish shantyman on a merchant packet would have sung songs in English on a British ship, and learn whatever was being sung if he was on a foreign ship.

The best overview of shanties and their usage and history is Stan Hugill's book Shanties of the Seven Seas, primarily English but with songs in many languages.

Personally I think the Rogue's Gallery is mostly a bunch of crap.