There were gangs when and where I grew up, just as there are gangs now. We formed gangs to protect ourselves. We protected ourselves into being a breakaway culture in our own district. Why gangs? Because we were outnumbered. That simple. I do not understand the root causes of discrimination. Maybe people do it because they can. It matters not where the minority is or what degree of colour they have--and I include Caucasians in that--, discrimination happens. Against Blacks in the US, against Whites in Zimbabwe, against Native people in the southern bits of Canada and against non-Native people in the north of Canada. It is practised against the Ainu in Japan, against Jews in many p[laces, against Arabs in others. Against women almost everywhere. Against the poor absolutely everywhere. And I have no answers or solutions.