"Teachers' pay is determined by the Secretary of State for Education and Skills after recommendations are made by the School Teachers' Review Body (STRB). The STRB was established by the Government as an independent body. (Oh yeah!). Its recommendations, however, rarely vary from the Government's wishes Well what a surprise! . The NUT is campaigning for the restoration of proper negotiating machinery for teacher unions and their employers." (NUT web site)

"The Review Body may have a maximum of nine members; the Chair is appointed by the Prime Minister and the members by the Secretary of State." (teachernet web site)

"Government has undertaken to implement the recommendations of all pay review bodies unless there are clear and compelling reasons to the contrary." (teachernet web site).

"Every year the Secretary of State sends the STRB a remit letter setting out the matters on which the review body is to report......................The Secretary of State may direct it to have regard to certain considerations such as affordability and the Government's policy on public sector pay, but cannot impose limits on what it may recommend, or the cost of its recommendations." (teachernet web site).

So, the Prime Minister and the Secretary of State appoint the members of the review body, they tell the review body what the government can afford, and invariably the review body sets the pay of teachers in line with the governments wishes.

Just so nobody runs away with the idea that the teachers had an opportunity for negotiation.

Incidentally, I never met anyone opposed in principal to strike action who refused to take the increase in pay, or improvement in working condition that resulted from such action.
Rog