Increasingly, the royalty payments can be keyed to actual airplay--to what degree they actually are is probably up for grabs, but it is better than it used to be. BMI and ASCAP royalty payment systems are different--the nine cents is specifically the royalty for an internet download--

Large venues actually submit concerts playlists so that royalties can be paid, licensing revenues from smaller venues are distributed based on a formula. If you feel like you not receiving payments that you are entitled to, specifically, if you feel that a venue isn't reporting properly, you can have a conversation with BMI or ASCAP, and they will work to get it straightened out--

A lot of money payed out in royalties by ASCAP/BMI, and, by and large it goes to the people whose songs are played and listened to the most--I wish I'd figured out how to write and promote songs that sold triple platinum, and that then got turned into ringtones, because those people do make a lot of money, and for doing the exact same work that all the rest of us songwriters do;-)