You need a record player with a "line out" connection, a computer with a "line in" socket, a cable that connects between the two and software that records the signal.

The record player line out ports were, I think, "phono". The computer line in socket is a 3.5 mm stereo jack. There is a free multi platform program called Audacity which can record the signal and save it to mp3 format. You connect the record player to the computer, start the recording software and play the track. At the end of each track you stop the record, stop the recording and edit, normalise and save it. To do a whole album is a long and laborious process. Then you have the task of burning the CD and that is not always as simple as it might seem.

At the end of the process you will have listened to each track at least three times, recording, editing and burning. You may never want to hear it again.