I don't think that there's any indication that militant fundamentalists in Northern Africa are particularly primitive. I think it's more an urban phenomenon.

Of course fundamentalists can mean an awful lot of diffeent things. Just think of it in Christian terms. Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons, some Pentacostalists, Billyn Graham, Ian Paisley, Tridentine Catholics... Not much of a united agenda there! And in the Islamic world there's an equivalent diversity.