here's an article about him: Tuesday, 9 July, 2002, 20:08 GMT 21:08 UK Screen legend Rod Steiger dies

Steiger made his first film appearance in 1951

Oscar-winning actor Rod Steiger, best-known for appearing in some of the biggest critical and box office successes of the 1950s and 60s, has died. The star, who won an Academy Award for his role as a small-town sheriff in 1967's In the Heat of the Night, was 77.

Steiger got his big break in On The Waterfront He went into hospital in Los Angeles for gall bladder surgery, but died at 1700 BST on Tuesday after suffering pneumonia and kidney failure, his publicist said.

Steiger found fame soon after launching his big screen career in 1951, and made more than 120 film appearances before his final role in 2001.

He was praised for his dominating screen presence, passion and meticulous acting craft.

"It is very sad, very surprised, I was shocked to get the call," his publicist Lori de Waal told TV channel BBC News 24.

"He went into hospital for a gall bladder surgery and up until that time he was working and travelling and he had another picture lined up, so we're all very sad.

He loved to act - he was acting up until the end Lori de Waal Publicist "The phones are going off the hook, so a lot of people must have loved him."

He got his big break and first Oscar nomination for playing Marlon Brando's racketeer brother in 1954's On the Waterfront before starring as the lovelorn Jud in Oklahoma! the following year.

He also played the Jewish shopkeeper in Harlem in The Pawnbroker in 1965 and the evil Komarovsky in 1965's Doctor Zhivago.

Steiger had a son, Michael, by fourth wife Paula Ellis "My generation of actors was taught to be able to create different people - that's what an actor is supposed to do," he once said.

He turned down the lead role in Patton - which won an Oscar for George C Scott and was a move that Steiger called the "biggest mistake of my life".

Ms De Waal said: "He loved to act. He was acting up until the end. He loved it and he was very good in so many memorable pictures. The list just goes on and on."

Current Hollywood stars found themselves on the receiving end of Steiger's strong opinions when he criticised them for surrendering principles for money.

"They're not going to defend anything if they think they're going to lose a dollar," he said of the industry he called "show business, business, business".

He also campaigned against the stigma of mental illness He was married five times, including a 10-year marriage to UK actress Claire Bloom. He wed his last wife, Joan Benedict, in October 2000.

He and former co-star Bloom had a daughter, Anna, who is now an opera singer, while a son, Michael, was born to him and fourth wife Paula Ellis in 1993.

An long bout of depression followed a heart bypass operation, but he recovered to campaign and raise awareness on mental health, and addressed Congress on the issue.

"He was very open about it, he did a lot of appearances, he wanted to fight the stigma against mental illness and let people know it's a chemical imbalance and nothing to be ashamed of," Ms De Waal said.