Genetics lesson time:
1) the cat coat color gene for red/black etc is on the X chromosome, so females have 2 X chromosomes and males have 1. So if a male cat has the gene for red fur on his one X chromosome, he is red. A female cat would have to have the red gene on both of her X chromosomes (one from a red papa and one from a calico momma) to be solid red - there are some, but it is relatively rare.
2) in order for mammals to deal with having different numbers of X chromosomes and therefore females having twice the genes for these traits than males, a mechanism evolved in which at an early stage in embryonic development, all but one X chromosome in a given cell is turned off. Which one of the pair is turned off in a given cell is random. Hence calico/tortoise shell cats with random splotches of red, black, etc fur. My understanding is that if the calico has stripes, she is a tortoise shell.
3) it is possible, but very rare, to have a male calico (sterile as noted above), if he has too many sex chromosomes: say XXY. The Y makes him males and the 2 X's could make him calico if he had different coat color genes on his 2 X chromosomes.
I was once a genetics professor...