Subject: Origins: Rosemary Lane
From:
GUEST
Date: 27 Oct 02 - 10:50 AM
The following taken fromThe Traditional Ballad Index
Rosemary Lane [Laws K43] DESCRIPTION: A sailor meets a girl at an inn, and induces her to go to bed with him. In the morning he gives her gold and says, "If it's a boy, he will (fight for the king/be a sailor); if a girl, she will wear a gold ring."
AUTHOR: unknown
EARLIEST DATE: 1904 (Reeves/Sharp-TheIdiomOfThePeople)
KEYWORDS: seduction separation clothes floatingverses
FOUND IN: Australia US(Ap,MA,MW,NE,SE,So,SW) Canada(Queb) Britain(England,Scotland(Aber))
REFERENCES (30 citations):
Laws K43, "Home, Dearie, Home (Bell-Bottom Trousers)"
Greig-FolkSongInBuchan-FolkSongOfTheNorthEast #135, pp. 1-2, "Hame, Dearie, Hame" (1 text)
Greig/Duncan5 1057, "Hame, Dearie, Hame" (10 texts, 11 tunes)
Greig/Duncan7 1429, "When I Was a Servant in Old Aberdeen" (2 texts, 2 tunes)
Reeves/Sharp-TheIdiomOfThePeople 81, "Rosemary Lane" (3 texts)
Reeves-TheEverlastingCircle 112, "Rosemary Lane" (1 text)
Gardham-EastRidingSongster 25, "Bell-Bottom Trousers" (1 tex, 1 tune)
Tawney-GreyFunnelLines-RoyalNavy, pp. 126-127, "Bell-bottom Trousers" (1 text, which may have been deliberately coarsened)
Roud/Bishop-NewPenguinBookOfEnglishFolkSongs #51, "Rosemary Lane" (1 text, 1 tune)
Randolph/Legman-RollMeInYourArms I, pp. 81-88, "Bell Bottom Trousers" (6 texts, 1 tune)
Cray-EroticMuse, pp. 72-75, "Bell Bottom Trousers" (3 texts, 1 tune)
Brophy/Partridge-TommiesSongsAndSlang, pp. 68-69, "Never Trust a Sailor" (1 text)
Hopkins-SongsFromTheFrontAndRear, p. 138, "Bell-Bottom Trousers" (1 text, 1 tune)
Chappell-FolkSongsOfRoanokeAndTheAlbermarle 34, "The Boy Child" (1 short text, which Laws calls a "ribald fragment." Fragment it is, with only two of the regular verses, including "If it be a girl...." But I suspect the other two verses are a mixture from another, heavily bawdy, song, which we might title something like "eleven inches in")
Ohrlin-HellBoundTrain 72, "Button Willow Tree" (1 text, 1 tune, with a cowpuncher as the visiting man!)
Gardner/Chickering-BalladsAndSongsOfSouthernMichigan ,165 "Jack, the Sailor Boy" (1 text)
List-SingingAboutIt-FolkSongsInSouthernIndiana, pp. 195-198, "Bell Bottom Trousers" (1 text, 1 tune)
Beck-FolkloreOfMaine, pp. 183-184, "Home, Dearie, Home" (1 text, 1 tune)
Lane/Gosbee-SongsOfShipsAndSailors, p. 158, "The Oak and the Ash" (1 text, 1 tune)
MacColl/Seeger-TravellersSongsFromEnglandAndScotland 43, "Rosemary Lane" (1 text, 1 tune)
Silber/Silber-FolksingersWordbook, p. 166, "Bell-Bottomed Trousers" (1 text)
Colcord-SongsOfAmericanSailormen, pp. 167-168, "Home, Dearie, Home" (1 text, 1 tune)
Hugill-ShantiesFromTheSevenSeas, p. 498, "Home, Dearie, Home" (1 text, 1 tune) [AbEd, p. 366]
Shay-AmericanSeaSongsAndChanteys, pp. 146, "Bell-Bottom Trousers" (1 text; this follows a text and tune of "Home, Dearie, Home," i.e. "Ambletown," plus a stanza of Henley's adaption and an alternate chorus)
Palmer-OxfordBookOfSeaSongs 83, "The Servant of Rosemary Lane" (1 text, 1 tune)
Niles/Moore-SongsMyMotherNeverTaughtMe, pp. 144-146, "The Waitress and the Sailor" (1 text, 1 tune, which seems to have been updated for the twentieth century but is still clearly this song)
Fuld-BookOfWorldFamousMusic, p. 139, "Bell Bottom Trousers"
NorthCarolinaFolkloreJournal, Andra Joy Hamilton, "A Garland of Ballads from Caldwell County", Vol. 3, No. 1 (Jul 1955), p. 5, "At Home, My Lassie" (1 fragment, 1 tune, so short that it might be "Ambletown" or "Rosemary Lane" [Laws K43] or any other member of the family; there is no seduction, just the "Home... in your ain country" and the "If it be a boy" stanzas); Vol. 3, No. 2 (Dec 1955), p. 19, contains an "Additional Note" on the song but no additional text)
DT 319, BELLBTTM* HOMEBOYS* RASPLANE RASPLAN2* ROSELANE*
ADDITIONAL: Tony Deane and Tony Shaw _The Folklore of Cornwall_, B. T. Batsford, 1975, p. 80, "(O Falmouth is a fine town with ships in the bay')" (1 excerpt, probably of the Henley poem described in the notes but treated as traditional; it might be an "Ambletown"/"Falmouth is a fine town" mix)
Roud #269
RECORDINGS:
Anne Briggs, "Rosemary Lane" (on Briggs1, Briggs3, Briggs4)
Liam Clancy, "Home Boys Home" (on IRLClancy01)
Jerry Colonna, "Bell Bottom Trousers" (Capitol 204, 1945)
Chris Willett, "Once I Was a Servant" (on Voice11)
BROADSIDES:
Bodleian, Johnson Ballads 624, "The Servant of Rosemary Lane" ("When I was a servant in Rosemary-lane"), J. Jennings (London), 1790-1840; also Harding B 15(279a), Harding B 11(4221), "The Servant of Rosemary Lane"; Bodleian, Harding B 17(130a), "Home, Dear Home" (with the "Home, Dear Home" chorus, several verses of this, and perhaps a rewritten ending)
CROSS-REFERENCES:
cf. "When I Was Young (Don't Never Trust a Sailor)" (plot, floating lyrics)
cf. "Ambletown" (floating lyrics, theme)
cf. "Pretty Little Miss" [Laws P18] (theme)
cf. "A North Country Maid"
cf. "Hame, Hame, Hame" (structure and some lines)
cf. "A Maid A-Being Young" (plot, lyrics)
cf. "Fat'll Mak a Bonny Lassie Blythe an' Glad" (tune, per Greig/Duncan5) and references there
ALTERNATE TITLES:
Oak and the Ash, The
Drury Lane
Raspberry Lane
Once When I Was a Servant
Old Aberdeen
NOTES [926 words]: The history of this song is extremely complex and obscure. The extended family is listed in the Index under three titles: "Rosemary Lane," "Ambletown," and "When I Was Young (Don't Never Trust a Sailor)." However, these may represent as many as five songs, or perhaps only a single one.
The three basic plots are as follows:
* "Rosemary Lane" (a title selected because, unlike Laws's title "Home, Dearie, Home," it is unique to this version) is a British ballad of a servant who is seduced and then abandoned by a sailor. It exists under many titles, e.g. "Bell-Bottomed Trousers."
* "When I Was Young" has the same plot but in a very reduced form; what matters is not the method of the seduction but simply that it happens. This song frequently has a bawdier feel. It ends with a warning, "Don't ever trust (a sailor) an inch above the knee."
* "Ambletown" (another title chosen because it is unambiguous) involves a sailor who learns from a letter that he is a father, and desperately wants to return home to see the child.
The greatest difficulty concerns the relationship between "Rosemary Lane" and "Ambletown." In plot, they are quite distinct. A comparison of the lyrics, however, shows that as much as half the material in "Ambletown" occurs also in "Rosemary Lane" (which is longer, seemingly older, and much more common). As many as three stanzas regularly "cross": "If it be a boy, he will fight for the king"; "And it's home, dearie, home"; and "The oak and the ash and the bonnie birchen tree." (The latter two may be derived from yet another song, "A North Country Maid" ).
It should also be noted that "Ambletown" could function as an ending to "Rosemary Lane," particularly if the warning about not trusting a sailor is not the original ending. This has not, however, been observed in tradition.
Extensive examination of the texts of the songs could not finally resolve the question. The Ballad Index Board is tentatively of the opinion that "Rosemary Lane" and "Ambletown" now are separate songs, which have cross-fertilized heavily but remain distinct. It is quite possible, however, that one (probably "Ambletown") is an offshoot of the other, with a new (clean) plot built around the same verses.
In addition, "Rosemary Lane" has undergone extensive evolution *after* the cross-fertilization stage. Our guess is that it began with a relatively "clean" broadside of seduction (now seemingly lost). This likely contained the "If it be a boy" stanza, but probably not the others. Tradition then mixes in the other common stanzas, and set to work on the song, producing both clean and bawdy versions. - RBW, DGE, PJS
An addendum: Don Duncan brings to my attention the poem "O Falmouth Is a Fine Town," by William E. Henley (1878), which has the following first verse:
O Falmouth is a fine town with ships in the bay,
And I wish from my heart it's there I was to-day;
I wish from my heart I was far away from here,
Sitting in my parlor and talking to my dear.
For it's home, dearie home--it's home I want to be.
Our topsails are hoisted, and we'll away to sea.
O the oak and the ash and the bonnie birken tree,
They're all growing green in the old countrie.
This can be found, e.g., in Stone-SeaSongsAndBallads (#C, p. 194).
Henley admitted that part of the song, including the chorus, was old. Duncan speculates that "Falmouth..." is the rewrite of "Rosemary Lane" we postulated above. This seems quite possible -- but if so, then Henley's poem has gone into oral tradition itself, and experienced a great deal of folk processing. Thus, the essential outline we described above seems to be accurate.
Just in case that weren't complicated enough, Allan Cunningham produced a poem, "Hame, Hame, Hame," which once again used some of the same lyrics: "Hame, hame, hame, hame, fain wad I be, O hame, hame, hame, to my ain countrie!" The rest, though, seems simply a hymn to home, "When the flower is in the bud, and the lead is on the tree, The lark shall sing me hame to my ain countrie...." For this text, see, the entry on "Hame, Hame, Hame."
The reference to "Rosemary Lane" is particularly interesting. "Rosemary" of course stood for remembrance in flower symbolism (cf. Binney, p. 86, who of course quotes Ophelia's "There's rosemary, that's for remembrance," plus some other evidence), which is very fitting in this context. But Cordingly, p. 7, notes that at one time the actual street had some significance to sailors. A brothel owner named Damaris Page was active in the 1650s and 1660s: "She had one on the Ratcliffe Highway that catered to ordinary seamen and dockworkers, and she also managed one on Rosemary Lane for naval officers and those who could afford the prices of the classier prostitutes."
Weinreb/Hibbert, p. 657, say that Rosemary Lane was once "an infamous street market for old clothes and frippery, familiarly known as RAG FAIR. It was run by Jews and supplied by itinerant collectors who gathered discarded or stolen clothes and rags. It was open every day and frequented mainly by local inhabitants." They do not mention either lodging houses or prostitution. The lane was eliminated from the map in 1850 when it became Royal Mint Street.
In 1945, Moe Jaffee produced a song called "Bell Bottom Trousers" which was recorded by several pop performers. It was, very loosely, based on this song (the chorus is "Bell bottom trousers, Coat of navy blue, She loves a sailor man And he loves her too"), but it is completely rewritten. I would not consider it to be a version of any of the various forms of this song. - RBW
Bibliography - Binney: Ruth Binney, Nature's Way: lore, legend, fact and fiction, David and Charles, 2006
- Cordingly: David Cordingly, Women Sailors and Sailors' Women, Random House, 2001 (I use the undated, but later, paperback edition)
- Weinreb/Hibbert: Ben Weinreb and Christopher Hibbert, editors, The London Encyclopedia, Macmillan, 1983 (I use the 1986 Ader & Adler reprint)
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File: LK43
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