Waltzing Matilda

Subject: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Rodney
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 04:41 AM

Is it true that the tune to Waltzing Matilda was originally the tune of a Civl War song?

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Banjer
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 04:47 AM

I had not heard that, and can think of no CW song that uses the tune. Can anyone tell us when Matilda was written?

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Hrothgar
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 05:56 AM

Try this old thread. With a bi of luck sombody will make a blue clicky thing out of this lot.

http://www.mudcat.org/thread.cfm?ThreadID=3857#20312

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From:
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 06:11 AM

HEre are some of the threads, including the one Hrothgar mentions

Original Waltzing MAtilda

Banjo PAtterson - Waltzing Matilda

Bonnie Woods of Craigilea - Waltzing MAtilda

Rochester Recruiting Sergeant - New Song uses same tune

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 06:41 AM

G'day Rodney,

As we have it, Waltzing Matilda is a (~)1905 arrangement, by Marie Cowan, of Christina MacPherson's 1895 recollection of a tune she heard in 1893 - an arrangement of an 1805 setting of one of Scots poet Robert Tannahill's poems: Thou Bonnie Wood of Craigielea.

We know that the tune was a favourite of the wife of early Australian Governor Lachlan Macquarie (1810 - 1822) ... so the tune might well have been well known to Scots in the US. However, I can't place any specific American Civil War songs to the tune (which is rather more sprightly than the common form used for Waltzing Matilda). I certainly wouldn't be all that surprised if Thou Bonnie Wood of Craigielea was sung somewhere ... by some Scot ... at some time in the American Civil War.

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,T-boy
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 07:40 AM

I think Guest Rodney meant the ENGLISH civil war.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From:
Date: 20 Mar 03 - 10:52 AM

Kind of hard to tell!

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Hrothgar
Date: 21 Mar 03 - 02:30 AM

Rodney might be thinking of the "Who'll be a Soldier for Marlborough With Me" song, which originated a lot later than Marlborough in the early 1700s. That was the War of the Spanish Succession, sixty years after the English Civil War.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Ian
Date: 21 Mar 03 - 03:39 AM

Banjo Paterson is reputed to have claimed he wrote the song to the tune of the White Cockade. There is some dispute as to who actually wrote the song as the words don't fit any version of that tune. At the house where banjo was staying when he claimes to have wrote it the lady of the house a keen musician could have re arranged the words to the tune it is now sung by.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Steve Parkes
Date: 21 Mar 03 - 08:18 AM

"Who'll be a soldier" originated in the easrly 70s: it was written by Pete Coe, based on a "fragment" he'd found, and set to a convenient and appropriate tune. Barrie Roberts recorded it for a Dutch archive soon after and told them it was trad, out of devilment. You'll have to ask Pete for details on the fragment.
Steve

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Dead Horse
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 07:52 AM

Correct Steve. Being an assimilated native of Rochester, I believed it was trad, until the man himself put me right (Pete Coe)

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Tam the bam fraeSaltcoatsScotland
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 08:20 AM

I have a problem with this song, how can the swagman be jolly and yet in the song he kills himself.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 08:26 AM

G'day Ian,

I can't remember any specific reference by AB Banjo Paterson suggesting he knew the tune Christina MacPherson played on the autoharp ... rather, he asked if: "... there were words to that tune?".

Upon being told that Christina didn't know any (the tune she heard at the Warrnambool Races was Thomas Bulch's brass band arrangement as a quick march) Banjo offered a poem he aid he had just made up. (Recent folklorist study suggests he was making a line for Christina, which led to the breakup of his 7-year engagement to her old school chum Sarah Riley!).

Christina was a fairly cvompetent amateur pianist. I have examined sevaeral different autograph copies of her memory of the music with Paterson's words. These have occasional ... but consistent! ... errors in the note values in some bars - suggesting she was copying a laborious transcription by rote and not "hearing" the tune as she wrote it down.

A lot of this has only come to light now that the personal papers of the late members of the MacPherson family have been lodged with major library collections and examined by folklorists and researchers (particularly Richard Magoffin ... and, later, Dennis O'Keefe).

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 11:51 AM

BitterFray - He WAS jolly until his reveries were disturbed by armed militia - his choice of suicide is probably the same choice facing a once jolly swagman, today in Bagdad.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Blackcatter
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 12:20 PM

It could be inferred by some versions of the song that the swagman didn't commit suicide, merely that he died trying to get away. He wouldn't have been the first "outlaw" who drowned attempting to flee the law.

The line "You'll never catch me alive" doesn't always imply a willingness for suicide either. At least in the time of guns, many gangsters would say that to let the law know that a gun fight would be the ultimate end of any pursuit. Maybe it implys a willingness to die, but few turned the weapon upon themselves.


The folk ensemble I used to sing with always sang this song at the local homeless shelter durning dinner once a month. No one but me got the sad irony of singing a some about a homeless man who dies a tragic death to 500 homeless men.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: open mike
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 01:58 PM

isn't there a song that says "the band played waltzing matilda"
which is about an amputee soldier returning from war?

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Q
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 02:03 PM

The Band Played 'Waltzing Matilda' is in the DT and there are threads on it.
Enter - the band played - in Lyrics Search, and you will find it.

Subject: Lyr Add: SONG OF THE AUSTRALIAN OUTLAW
From: Mr Happy
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 05:44 PM

SONG OF THE AUSTRALIAN OUTLAW
[as sung by Ramblin Sid Rumpo(Kenneth Williams)]

(Words by Barry Took & Marty Feldman)

Well, hello my dearios. Well, tonight I shall have great pleasure ... but first of all I'd like to sing you a few songs. So loosen your grussets, traddle your thrums, let your bossocks down, and away we go.

Now first here's something I picked up down under ... and 'tis an Australian outlaw song, and tells of a squatter in the outback ... camping by a billabong ... and the billabong reports him to the police ... and up come the troopers and they catch him having a jumbuck in his tucker bag.
Well, that's better than a poke in the eye with a sharp stick.

So anyway, as they bind up his polyps [pollips?] and carry him off, he sings this haunting lament:

Once long ago in the shade of a goolie bush
Toasting his splod in the faggot's gleam
Rested a ganderman, a knobbling at his woggling iron
And stuffing a sheep in the old mill stream.

Then up come the troopers and hung him by the billabong
They twisted his woggling irons, 1-2-3
Now his ghost sits and moans as it grunges in his gander can
Who'll come a-woggling his jumbuck with me

Tune: Waltzing Matilda (2 x verse only - very slowly, minor chords for last two lines)

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,NH Dave
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 06:27 PM

Waltzing Matilda exists today down under, sung to two tunes; the one you hear on Radio Australia and see in most song books, and another called the Queensland version, sung to the tune of The Rochester Recruiting Sergeant, a more sprightly tune.

   Dave

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Blackcatter
Date: 22 Mar 03 - 10:40 PM

So which tune is the one most of us non-Aussies know? My guess is that it's the former, but it's pretty sprightly. Especially for a depressing song.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Malcolm Douglas
Date: 23 Mar 03 - 05:14 AM

See Bob Bolton's comments earlier in this thread, and in other discussions of the subject (links above).

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: McGrath of Harlow
Date: 23 Mar 03 - 06:17 PM

I read somewhere that Banjo Patterson couldn't hold a tune. And he couldn't play the Banjo either. I think the Banjo might have been rhyming slang for suit (Banjo and Flute).

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Tam the bam fraeSaltcoatsScotland
Date: 23 Mar 03 - 06:35 PM

I understand that Banjo Patterson was in fact Scottish, he came from Dundee and his real name was Andrew Barton Patterson.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: McGrath of Harlow
Date: 23 Mar 03 - 07:21 PM

Not so - his father came from Scotland, but he was Aussie born. Here's a site about him - http://www.uq.edu.au/~mlwham/banjo/ And incientally he spelt his name with only one "t" -"Paterson".

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Giac
Date: 23 Mar 03 - 08:00 PM

Uh, McGrath, on the page to which you linked above, it says about "Banjo"

His pseudonym, "The Banjo", was the name of a racehorse his father had once owned.

Thanks for the link, by the way.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Mr Red
Date: 24 Mar 03 - 07:33 AM

I occasionally hear it sung to a much more jaunty tune often referred to as the Queensland version. At the weekend the ceilidh band played that version. I have often heard it said that it was the original tune and lyrically it is a perfect fit (not an unusual phenomenon). They also hinted at more salacious interpretations of the lyrics, which if "Banjo" was angling for Christina may have some credence but I never saw it in the lyrics and it doesn't take much for me to find smut.

So what might be the Queensland version tune be called ?

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Tam the bam fraeSaltcoatsScotland
Date: 24 Mar 03 - 01:39 PM

When I put my question I was only joking.

Tom

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 25 Mar 03 - 05:14 AM

G'day Mr Red,

The Queensland version of Waltzing Matilda - also sometimes called the Buderim version ... (from the small town in Queensland whence it was collected), is probably a separate and independent setting of a tune to Paterson's published words ... the exact text of the poem, not the simpified text used in the Inglis Bros / "Billy Tea" promotional version arranged by Marie Cowan in 1905.

Christina also definitely set Paterson's exact words - against her remembered version of thou Bonnie Wood o' Craigielea ... I examined facsimiles of several holograph copies ... clearly in her hand and clearly set to the music which was later trimmed down to the popular version.

I can't see any "salacious" meanings to the lyrics ... his pitch for Christina was far more subtle than that ... but his engagement to Sarah Riley ceased after that visit ... and the MacPherson girls remembered him as: "... a bit of a cad ...". I presume that was because of his dumping Sarah for her schoolchum Christina ... whilst staying at Christina's brother's home, 'Dagworth" sheep station (also in Queensland, by the way!)

"GUEST,NH Dave" The so-called Rochester recruiting song was a parody on the well-known (Marie Cowan" setting, not the "Queensland" one, which was only collected in the early 1950s. Although Pete Coe cobbled up the main body of that parody in the early 1970s, he was basing it on a first verse and chorus that had turned up in field collecting in Australia. This is the part which i believe was a (self defence ...?) parody by British troops, probably in WW I ... or, perhaps the Boer War ... getting heartily sick and tired of Aussies interminably singing their new favourite song!

Regards,

Bob Bolton



Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Dave the rave downunder
Date: 25 Mar 03 - 08:12 AM

Anyone wanting the SERIOUS TRUTH about this most discussed song
should consult Frank Hardy (author of 'Power Without Glory')
In his book 'Great Australian Legends' Truthful Jones tells him
the story of the demise of one Samuel Hoffmeister, a Bavarian anarchist, one of the shearers who set up a military style camp at
Barcaldine in 1891, the beginning of the great strikes.
He and his mates burnt down squatter Mcpherson's woolshed in 1894 (Mcpherson hired 'scab' labour you see)
The troopers came after him for arson, conspiracy and sedition - but he shot himself by the four mile billabong near Kynuna.
The Dagworth woolshed fire was mentioned at the inquest.
'The Banjo' arrived the year after, and you can think what you like about the rest....
Incidentally Frank Hardy was the first person Wendy Lowenstein (folklorist, feminist, activist, educator) ever heard sing an Australian folksong...waltz on! regards Davo

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 26 Mar 03 - 05:00 AM

G'day Davo,

I was keeping down the tune side of the story ... and not getting into speculation about the events that spurred Paterson to write the poem. By his own account, Paterson heard the tale of the death of Hoffmeister, at Combo Waterhole ("The Billabong") from Bob MacPherson as well as hearing the local expression "Waltzing Matilda" - and was "inspired" to write a poem about it.

Several of those looking at the events suspect there was a lot more behind that. As it happened, the Magistrate at the inquest into Hoffmeister's "suicide" was ... Bob MacPherson. The police involvement comprised three local troopers - a sergeant and two constables. There is a possibility that Paterson's poem uses these images, along with the German-derived local term for carrying a swag, as an oblique suggestion that MacPherson was covering up something not quite like suicide.

Whatever his motives or meaning - it probably helped erode his welcome at Dagworth. (It is interesting that several of Paterson's other poems seem to have a dig at persons with names very like "MacPherson!). Paterson became very vague about the details of one of his most popular poems, in later years. In the late 1930s, he told a friend of my father that he " ... could not remember writing it ... but the royalties were fine." At other times he had not trouble remembering writing it - but he did sell rights to the poem along with "a heap of rubbish" around 1903.

Very interesting, but not too illuminating.

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Mr Red
Date: 26 Mar 03 - 06:02 AM

This is what I like about the 'Cat.
Thanks folks.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: masato sakurai
Date: 28 Mar 03 - 11:12 PM

No one seems to have posted the link to this great site (with original sheet music, recordings, and info).

MusicAustralia: Waltzing Matilda

~Masato

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Dale
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 01:34 AM

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Dale
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 02:30 AM

I have no idea why my other post is blank, or where the message I typed may turn up. Anyway, here is the short version. The Seekers recorded both versions, an audition of the Queensland version in 1963, followed by a released version in 1964.   They recorded it with the other tune in 1994. All three recordings are on their 5 CD box set released in 1995.

It is a worthwhile set, 126 recordings which you can usually get for 30-some dollars, US.

Now I will see if I can click the right button . . .

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 06:32 AM

G'day Masato,

I presume that you mean the National Library of Australa site at:

Waltzing Matilda.

I have used this site to download images of everything from Christina's handwritten copy to WW II sheet music ... with cover photos of 2nd AIF soldiers who look like the kids in my high school Cadet Corps!

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Dave the rave
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 07:40 AM

Cheers Bob (and others) Obviously the debate goes on and we learn a little more each day, hey hey. Questions though - who owns the copyright to the 'Buderim' or Queensland version? Allans are the holders of world rights, I believe, to the other one. Where do Angus and Robertson (piblishers) fit in? If a version (just for argument's sake) different enough from the copyright versions were to be released (say on the forthcoming Declan Affley CD) , who owns it? (I'm not very hot on the legals)   Davo

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Giac
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 07:45 AM

Hopefully, this fixes Bob's link, which goes to the home page of the same site as Masato's, which goes directly to search results for Waltzing Matilda:

MusicAustralia

~;o) Mary

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 08:03 AM

G'day Davo,

There are no valid Australian copyrights in respect of the MacPherson or Cowan versions ... Christina merely wrote down her memory of a tune she had heard .. Marie Cowan merly arrnged Christina's tune and never claimed anything else. Her husband claimed copyright after her death in (?)1939 ... so it's public domain in 1989. Paterson died in 1941, so his published verse became public domain in 1991. American claims to the contrary are ... American!

The exact copyright status of a collected tune (eg the Buderim version) is ... interesting. The singer did not claim composition ... the collectors considered it public domain. The performance is copyright - as a track. I'd wear the green shirt and claim public anon/trad or domain. I can't see anyone having any valid counterclaim (but I'm not a copyright lawyer!). Declan's version would only be 'copyright' in respect of an exact copy of his performance ... What's "exact" mean?

Giac/Mary: Thanks for repairs ... I should have run the new-fangled Clicky Test!

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,dave the rave
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 09:27 AM

Thanks Bob...'the green shirt' I like that! My gut feeling was always to assume public domain in this context, and to Jerilderie with the consequences. I'm quite sure the old Declining Affably would approve. No doubt you'll hear the evidence yourself in Canberry in a coupla weeks. regards davo

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,amergin
Date: 29 Mar 03 - 11:12 AM

interesting discussion and very timely as I have been learning this tune on my dulcimer....

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Steve
Date: 31 Mar 03 - 03:39 AM

As the singer in the Ceilidh band referred to about 10 pages up (!) by Mr.Red (thanks Red for putting me onto this site, I can see many hours of reading ahead!!) I would like to say that the version we sing is from a Bushwackers album "and the band played Waltzing Matilda" (yes, that's on it too)released in 1977 on Release records. Claimed as Trad so hopefully I won't end up in court just yet.

thisd, and many other fine Aussie tunes (many referring to sheep strangely) were published in the Bushwackers tune book. A fine band and well worth a listen if you can still get hold of the records. My personal favourite is 'The Lachlan tigers' but we haven't yet attempted that one in public.

Re. the salacious undertones, well I heard an Australian stand-up comic (can't remember who) suggesting the term 'Waltzing Matilda' was a slang term for a pastime of chaps in the bush too long with only a swag roll for company!

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 31 Mar 03 - 04:04 AM

G'day Steve,

Actually, your stand-up comic was not all that far from the truth. The Soldiers referred to their bedroll - or, if it came to that, their great coat, which they wrapped about them to sleep as "Mechilde" or "Metz" because these were generic names for 'camp followers' ... women who followed the army and did washing ... or cooking ... and whatever else was in demand ...!

The puritanic German tradesmen, on their spell as 'journeymen' (auf die walz ... mit Matilde) might have tried to keep the image of the 'Matilda' as a travelling bag/toolroll &c ... but the folk remember such things!

Regard(les)s,

Bob Boltonj

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Celtaddict
Date: 31 Mar 03 - 09:53 AM

Mr. Red: Scott Balfour's Alice Springs group, Bloodwood, recorded Waltzing Matilda to another tune, cited on the CD as "traditional." It is bouncy and a good fit; might this be the one you mean?
Of course one of the national pastimes of musician friends down under seems to be new words to old tunes and rearranging lyric/tune pairings.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 31 Mar 03 - 06:22 PM

G'day Celtaddict,

I can't remember hearing Bloodwood do Waltzing Matilda - but the odds are pretty high that the alternative tune they use would be the "Queensland" or "Buderim" version ... that was very widely used by Australian 'Folk revival' groups from the '60s onwards (like Bloodwood!). Very few performers - certainly in the commercial end of things - have recorded Christina's original (Denis O'Keefe certainly has ... although I question the accuracy of his third line to the refrain!).

If you follow the DigiTrad link (above) to Waltzing Matilda, you will find a further link to playable MIDIs of all three tunes. It is a lot easier for you to listen to them than for me to try and describe a tune verbally!

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 31 Mar 03 - 06:40 PM

G'day again,

Steve: I'm sure the alternative tune you use, from a Bushwackers recording, will be the "Queensland Version" ... it starts with an early octave jump, up from the low tonic note to the octave above, between "... was a" and "swagman" — as against both the common 'Marie Cowan" arrangement and Christina's original running down from the dominant. (See ... it's a lot easier listening to the MIDIs!)

I presume you are in America (?) and you are thinking of doing Lachlan Tigers. There have been a number of previous threads about the family of songs set to this tune. Most of them (in the UK and the US) seem to be sea songs ... and it is quite common for sea songs to turn up in Australia with cattle droving or sheep shearing lyrics. This probably starts with the fact that anybody who came here in the 19th century had to have had at least a few month's contact with sailing ships ... unless they were very long-distance swimmers!

Two common songs with the same tune (more or less) are The Cruise of the Bigler - US/Great Lakes song and Sam Larner's (UK) The Dogger Bank. Do a search on either of these and you will find a lot of threads almost as verbose as those on Waltzing Matilda ... and all with a lot of postings by me!

Regards,

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,da man
Date: 23 Apr 03 - 01:32 AM

U ALL NEED TO GET NEW LIvEZ

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Barrie Roberts
Date: 02 Jul 04 - 08:44 PM

Hate to be a latecomer, but I thought Pete Coe based 'Who'll be soldier' on a fragment collected in the UK (East Anglia?), the remaining verses of which had been suppressed as 'outway rude' by one of those prudish collectors like the Revd.Olly Marton.

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Malcolm Douglas
Date: 02 Jul 04 - 10:08 PM

I think you may be wrong about that "suppression". "Outway rude", in any case, was just how one particular singer described a song that he wasn't willing to sing to a collector. I forget who it was (and the song, by today's standards, was innocent enough), but he probably wouldn't have sung it in front of his wife either. Those were different times, and we shouldn't fall into the trap of judging them by the opinions we hold a century later.

You can easily ask Pete, of course. His website is at http://www.backshift.demon.co.uk/

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: Bob Bolton
Date: 03 Jul 04 - 08:05 AM

G'day Barrie Roberts,

I'm fairly sure that ... somewhere in the plethora of related threads above ... someone reports that Pete Coe admits having pretty well made up his song from the whole cloth!

That said, there has always been an undercurrent of suspicion about 'Banjo' Paterson's dealings with this poem. The early folk collectors of "The Bush Music Revival" of the 1950s onwards all put this down to confirming their suspicions of Paterson as a 'right-wing' toff ... but evidence is building up that the vagueness has more to do with 'Banjo's' nocturnal meanderings at the MacPherson Homestead.

His long engagement to Sarah Reilly ended after this ... and he may have been trying to impress Christina - anyway, the poem was sold of in a job lot for £3 ... then became popular to Marie Cowan's simplification of Christina's tune - as an advertising dodger for Inglis's Billy Tea!

Later collectors / folklorists picked up references to "an older version / older song" ... and occasional snatches of something like the "Marlborough" verses, however all these surfaced in the late 1940s and early '50s ... easily long enough for a parody (perhaps raised in self defence by British troops tired od the Aussies rattling out Waltzing Matilda!) to have receded into the dim past of "Grandfather's song ... which must be hundreds of years old!".

It is most unlikely that a song from Marlborough's time has completely escaped collection in Britain, yet turned up in Australia ... decades after Paterson's widely distributed and known Matilda.

Regards (again),

Bob Bolton

Subject: RE: Waltzing Matilda
From: GUEST,Barrie Roberts
Date: 03 Jul 04 - 11:49 AM

...and G'day to you, Bob.
What I was trying to say, in my stumbling way, was that someone (and it might have beeb the Revd.Olly Marton) collected a whole song about 'Who'll be a Soldier?' circa 1910, but thought that all except the first verse was obscene. Hence, he preserved only the melody plus verse one. Pete Coe, I believe, built on that to create his song.