The song's been explained to me as an allegory on the tortured relationship between Scotland (Barb'ry Allen) and England (Sir John Grey). England, therefore, is benevolent and presumably wants only the best for Scotland. But Scotland's cruel stand-offishness ruins their relationship (and, in the end, Scotland). Not a subtle reading, but y'all get my point. A possible (though not necessary) corollary of that interpretation is that we should understand the ballad as originally English propoganda. Does anyone know the historical circs. of the late 16th century vis-a-vis these two lands (since I gather the ballad is at least that old)? Or any specific information on the song's origins? Or, simply, your thoughts.