I see what Michael is getting at, but there is a problem. If he had for instance asked what phrases had gone into common parlance from cricket there would be no difficulty, because the traffic is all one way: cricket doesn't take idiomatic expressions from English and use them as technical terms. But traffic between song and speech is two-way and it is often difficult to know whether a phrase originated in the song, or whether the songwriter took it up because it was the phrase of the moment.

For example one of my grandmothers was, when fed up with doing everything for me, inclined to say 'If you want any more you can sing it yourself'. Old as she was, I doubt if she was older than Robin-a-Thrush; but the phrase might have been, and could have passed to her through an oral tradition that ran parallel to the song tradition.

In some ways I'm inclined to believe that the phrase Sweet Fanny Adams would not have come to us without the fact that the ballad had carried the story everywhere, allowing the story of the origin which roughly runs:
Private: Sergeant, what meat's in this pie?
Sergeant: Sweet Fanny Adams, son.

Yes of course the story generally could have spread through newspapers etc. But surely the Sweet bit is specific to the ballad?