The Mudcat Café TM
Thread #22283 Message #1070529
Posted By: Joe Offer
11-Dec-03 - 05:30 PM
Thread Name: Origins: The Days of Forty Nine
Subject: RE: Lyr Add: The Days of Forty Nine
I think the version in the Digital Tradition is almost an exact transcript of the version in Traditional American Folk Songs from the Anne and Frank Warner Collection, except that the Warner book has one word different in the refrain:In the days of old, in the days of gold
How oft-times I repine
For the days of old when we dug up the gold
In the days of '49.
The Warner version is a transcription from their 1941 recording of "Yankee" John Galusha. You can hear Galusha sing the song on the Appleseed CD, Her Bright Smile Haunts Me Still: The Warner Collection, Volume 1 - but there are only two verses on the CD.
Here are the notes from the Warner book:According to Professor William L. Alderson of Reed College [ Days of '49, Reprise," Northwest Folklore I (1965): 5—101, the first appearance of this song in print was in The Great New Popular Songster (San Francisco, 1872) where it was described as "sung with great success by [Billy] Emerson's Minstrels at the Alhambra Theatre in San Francisco."
Professor Alderson says, "In the Lomax edited anthology Folk Song U.S.A., that work employs a tune collected by Frank Warner from Yankee John Galusha, but of that text only a 'portion,' determinably rather small, came from that source" [Galusha].
Alderson (who happens to be wrong in his assumption, since Yankee John sang us five verses and the chorus)* was arguing against the song's being a folk song since he had found it only in fragmentary texts, or in printed texts similar to that printed in the book noted above. Yankee John's version, however, like all his songs, he had
learned through oral transmission. Of course he could have learned it from someone who had a printed source.
Professor Alderson says the original song probably was written by banjo artist Charles Bensell (stage name: Charley Rhoades) who died in June 1877. It is "certainly a minstrel song par excellence." It was published in many songsters of the seventies and eighties, including, we are sure, "Old Put's Golden Songster" in its later editions.
"The Days of Forty-Nine" was one of many songs that came out of the Gold Rush days when on Long Island, for instance, not a boat was left that was capable of sailing to Panama or around the Horn. Though it began as a stage song, we think it was kept alive by communities that saw their sons strike out for the West to seek their fortunes, and then saw them come home, often, broke and broken. Old Tom Moore is an example of the returning forty-niner, the disillusioned seeker of that elusive pot of gold. That we found this version of the song in upper New York State shows that the composer told a tale that was real to his hearers.
Folk Songs of the Catskills (Cazden II) has a similar and longer version of the song given to the editors by George Edwards. Cazden's notes further explore the song's history and transmission.
See: Cazden II, 341; Laws, NAB, Appendix 3, Z77; Lingenfelter, 196;
Lomax, Cowboy Songs, 378; Lomax, FSUSA, i8o; Randolph, Vol. 1, 221
*could it be that Alderson heard the same abbreviated Warner recording that ended up on the CD?