indeed...I also use Eudora, and it helps avoid stuff specifically aimed at Outlook, but neither it, nor MailWasher, nor G-Lock..etc address the overriding problem. Fooletroupe has offered one more version of what I noted above...looking at the spam online and deleting it before it can get to your PC. I used this method for several years, but barely kept up. The fight against spam has just begun...*sigh*