Really the Permissive Society began in WWII. Where premarital sex was accepted and even condoned (in hushed tones maybe) if a soldier was leaving for war.

There was some return to puritan values in the Fifties but these were offset by the rising pre-hippy "Bohemian" culture.

If I remember rightly the CND got started in the fifties as well.

The revival of folk music started in the Forties with songs such as Goodnight Irene and The Old Sow song becoming popular.

RAP really started with Billy Cotton in the late Forties as well