What was the process that rectified the results of the Dredd Scott case & the Fugitive Slave Act/Compromise of 1850?

The Union victory in the War of the Rebellion, the ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, and Reconstruction began the process; the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was part of the process, but there's still a ways to go to reach "rectification".