There are the ones for the spectral colors (colours, up your way) or for the main spectral sequence of the stars (Oh be a fine girl....), for instance. And of course there is the famous "I before E..." but that's not really a mnemomic.
The most likely explanation for this defecit in my education is that I was rigorously schooled in classical literature and rhetoric, enduring the Quadrivium, the Trivium, and the rest. Back in my day, we didn't need no steenkin' mnemonics and wouldn't have used 'em if we'd had 'em. Back then, men were men and women were even tougher. We'd decline Latin verbs while standing on one foot on a fendepost chuggin' down a liter of redeye whisky. We'd dangle participles in front of folks and then snatch 'em away when somebody grabbed for 'em. My friend Steve got caught in a rhetorical maze once, trying to sort out a linguistic sorite, and wandered lost and alone for three days -- damned near starved to death in there and was only rescued when Ed wielded Occam's Razor and freed him.