Phosphorus flares are standard for illumination, and have been for many years. Phosphorus shells, fired from artillery or mortars, are used to produce a fast and thick smoke screen. The bits of burning phosphorus are dangerous, since they will continue to burn when dosed with water. It is not the munition of choice for causing personnel casualties, since the bursting radius of a phosphorus shell is irregular and erratic.

The fact that flammable munitions such as the M-77 aerial bomb were used against military targets during the initial part of the war in Iraq was announced at the time. Technically, this isn't napalm, since the formula used is different, but the effect is similar.

These are not chemical weapons, except in the sense that they involve chemical compounds...but then, so does black powder. The common definition of chemical weapon is a toxic or incapacitating substance, normally spread as a gas or aerosol mist.