We have building codes and inspectors, but they're variably qualified depending on the local jurisdictions. Lots of public buildings would be required to comply with Federal (OSHA) regulations, and the widespread enforcement of the "higher level" standards has caused fairly good specs to filter down to local levels.

But I do seem to recall that even Frank Lloyd ("never built a roof that didn't leak") Wright had "University qualifications." Brilliant, perhaps. Great Designer, maybe. Outstanding promoter, probably. But calling himself an architect was outright fraud. (Just a personal opinion, shared by quite a few architects.)

John