"Kelly's Love" in Odum 1911 is the earliest published record of "Careless Love" (see Fuld). Perrow found it, but as "Careless Love," collected from Mississippi, country Whites, MS of R. J. Slay, 1909. He published words in JAF, 1915, vol. 28, pp. 129-190, part 8, Songs of Love, No. 3.
The first formal publication was as "Loveless Love," 1921, words and music attributed to W. C. Handy.

I have posted Perrow's "Careless Love" (1909), from Whites, to thread 58247, which has several versions. Careless Love

Odum's comment bears repeating-
"One may note, for instance, the striking similarity between the mountain song-
"She broke the heart of many poor fellows
But she won't break this of mine,"-

and the Negro song, "Kelly's Love," the chorus of which is,
"You broke de heart o' many a girl,
But you never will break dis heart o' mine."
(Odum, H. W., 1911, JAF, Sept. 1911. no. XCIII, Folk-Song and Folk-Poetry as Found in the Secular Songs of the Southern Negroes, p. 2.

As Fuld comments, whether "Kelly's Love" or "Careless Love" came first is not known; which name is or is not correct is not known.

There is no proof yet of a 'mondegreen.'

Similarly, whether the song originated with Whites or Blacks is unknown.