No 3, then No 1 for me. But all of those have surely played their role, with different people.

The biggest single block for the future IMHO is still the generational thing; I mean, that it is viewed as a pastime for a certain generation, by many. Sort of like knitting or baking. This gets exacerbated by many club organisers simply wanting to preserve what they are used to, and are resistant to change or moving outside their comfort zone.

Old clubs that have broken the mould, and new ones inventing "new moulds" for the younger generations, stand the better chance, I think.