Number 872 in the Roud Folk Song Index. It has many names and can incorporate all sorts of stuff. See the DT file Dick Darby the Cobbler for a text (no source acknowledged) and links to further material; some of it relevant. See also

Max Hunter Collection:   Dick German, The Cobbler

Bodleian Library Broadside Ballads:   Dick Darling the cobbler

America Singing:   Dick Heuston, the cobbler   and   Dick darlin' the cobbler

None of this will tell you what was meant by 'camp', but in the circumstances the chances are that it didn't mean anything in particular. It may just have been a corruption of the earlier 'Kent'.

How far 'My Name is Old Hewson the Cobbler', cited by Chappell (PMOT II, 450-1) is ancestral to the numerous later songs (many of them parodies of each other) is hard to say, as we don't have the original words.