Strangling with the leash works as a last resort.

There were some mangy (literally) dogs out there a few weeks ago. Really really ugly things. Apparently one had been caught and immediately put down, and the tests showed that it wasn't a contagious form. Apparently, though, the pups got it from the bitch. Anyway, Those dogs were timid unless cornered. But I've had others charge me. It's terrifying, the prospect of a dog attack on the end of your leash.

I'd be afraid I'd hit my own dogs with the pepper spray. Or get hit myself by blow-back. The stick is visible and more threatening to a dog approaching us.

SRS