It seems that the Cittern could be a national English instrument. Also,
for obvious reasons, the Elizabethan lute. Campion, Dowland and other
great songwriters wrote for it.

You could also argue that the Kammeyer five-string banjo with the
fifth string running through the slotted head rather than a fifth peg
would be an English development as well. I used to own one of those
instruments which were used in classical banjo playing but with steel strings.

Frank