From a search for "wild rover" on the Bodleian Library's online collection:

Search term is in ballad no. 1 of the sheet
Printer:         Jennings, J. (London)
Date:         between 1790 and 1840
        Imprint: Printed and sold by J. Jennings, No. 15, Water Lane, Fleet- street
Illus. Ballads on sheet: 1

Search term is in ballad no. 2 of the sheet
Printer:         Catnach, J. (London)
Date:         between 1813 and 1838
        Imprint: J. Catnach, Printer, 2, Monmouth-Court, 7 Dials
Illus. Ballads on sheet: 2

Search term is in ballad no. 1 of the sheet
Printer:         Batchelar, T. (London)
Date:         between 1817 and 1828
        Imprint: Printed and sold by T. Batchelar, 115, Long Alley, Moorfields, London
Illus. Ballads on sheet: 1

Obviously the dating is not precise, but it suggests a possible date as early as 1790 and as late as 1840

To answer the question about a traditional version, the broadsides simply indicate the song existed, but do not tell us anything about its existence in the oral tradition. The search on the Bodleian gave eight relevant hits in total which suggests that the song was likely quite well known in the early part of the nineteenth century, though that is speculation on my part.

None of the broadsides give any clue as to the tune that was used, but it has been pointed out to me elsewhere that the relation between song and tune was more flexible in the past than it tends to be nowadays.