The third pillar allows for and agrees upon the transfer of nuclear technology and materials to NPT signatory countries for the development of civilian nuclear energy programs in those countries, as long as they can demonstrate that their nuclear programs are not being used for the development of nuclear weapons.

Note it is the responsiibility of the signatory state to "demonstrate that their nuclear programs are not being used for the development of nuclear weapons."

FAILURE to demonstrate this is reason for the sanctions against Iran.