The Mudcat Café TM
Thread #94524   Message #2624415
Posted By: rich-joy
05-May-09 - 12:45 AM
Thread Name: Folklore: Kanaka (Hawaiian) chanteymen
Subject: RE: Folklore: Kanaka (Hawaiian) chanteymen
Kanakas were also part of Australia's history, from about 1860 - particularly in Queensland, as labour for the sugar cane industry.
Hawaiians were apparently in the minority though, with more people from Melanesia (mainly the Solomon's and Vanuatu), and Polynesia & Micronesia (mainly Samoa, Tuvalu, Kiribati, Loyalty Islands) and who became known as Pacific Islanders or South Sea Islanders.   Though "blackbirding" (or kidnapping) was a common practice in the early years, thereafter "indentured labour" became the system. Some were more "slaves", though it seems that some were not.

A number of Wikipedia pages on these various terms, make interesting reading ....

Cheers,
R-J

PS        of course, the popular shanty "John Kanaka-naka, Too-ri-ay" also springs to mind ....