Jackaroe is in the DT, and can readily be found to have been recorded by the Grateful Dead, Bob Dylan and Joan Baez.

It looks however as if it may have been from an English root (possibly without the last verse of the DT version, just going by "feel".

Can anyone point me at English recordings or information about at earlier English root for the known American versions?

It may be under slightly different names such as "Jack A Roe" or "Jack O Roe".   That person's name seems odd too, calling to mind the Australian "Jackaroo".