I am not sure the question is as relevent in humans now as it once was. For sure male and female mortality rates do vary but they are seeming to converge more now.

Human life history variation and sex differences in mortality rates

In humans there are far more variables than in many other animal groups.

I am not sure if the OP was directing to the human instance but I think the above paper will help dispell some myths about why we women should/do live longer.

Testosterone is still probably THE most single factor that effects differences in mortality rates between the genders. But such studies in humans are very hard to carry out on a worldwide basis and, while the OP's initial paper makes interesting reading, I think the human side of it is much more complicated.

mp