Interesting research. I'll be interested to read about larger studies when they occur.

Bill, my understanding of your position over the years I have been reading the many interesting threads and debates is clearly summarized by your statement above "...I have also said many times that I don't need or expect anyone to alter any basic belief in order to discuss it...but IF they toss it out as revealed truth...."

I agree that it is very valuable for each of us to distinguish between what we empirically know, (or given whatever the current state of science and factual knowledge happens to be) can know, and what we believe, and therefore treat, or act upon it as if it were fact. Being aware that something we adhere to is a belief is insightful and self aware, in my very humble opinion. It does not necessarily mean we should not have beliefs or operationalize our beliefs. It does free one to exam the efficacy of beliefs, choose beliefs that that on aware and responsible examination work for us as individuals and that balance what appears to be in the best interests of the self vs. the larger whole. When one mistakes belief for fact, one paints oneself into a corner, and often paints others into corners as well.

Amos and LH, I often come away from reading your exchanges with Bill with a sense that I understand what he is expressing very differently from either of you. Not defending or speaking for you, Bill, just thinking and pondering the different way I interpret what you write from my understanding of how Amos and Little Hawk interpret what you write. My understanding, in all instances, is interpretative, and may be incorrect.

I definitely have beliefs that I treat as fact. Recognizing them as belief rather than fact (I try to stay away from "truth" in these types of discussions,) does not inherently invalidate or devalue them. (I am also absolutely sure that I have have beliefs that I mistake for fact.)