"Elbridge Gerry...in 1812, Governor Gerry signed a bill that redistricted Massachusetts to benefit his Democratic-Republican party..."

First, the Republican Party was not even conceived until about 1848 and did not really become official until 1852 when they ran candidates.

The older party was called Democratic-Republican but the named was eventually shortened. I believe Andrew Jackson was the first president to win under the new name: Democratic Party.