",,, what sort of measurement 10 is more convenient or 'useful' than 12..."

centimeters, kilometers, money...etc.

Since *I* am no mathematician either, I can't wrap my head around "base 12 from the beginning". ☺
I do know that as a woodworker, I would far rather use decimals for computing board layouts and buying lumber. (yes, I have tape measures with both systems, but all the products I have to match are already in inches & feet.)