It depends whether or not you consider the forcible abduction and international trafficking of women and children, to be an identical phenomenon to these crimes involving the public grooming of girls from within the UK. As I put it earlier it would seem that there are areas of overlap between the crimes being discussed here with those key characteristics which both typify international trafficking *and* paedophile grooming for the sexual exploitation of minors.

An important distinction between these crimes under discussion and other similar forms of abuse however, is that these crimes have not been taking place covertly, but in highly public spaces. The success of the methodology of on-street grooming being employed by these gangs, arguably says something about our culture's apathy towards these kinds of crimes and the lack of protection offered by police in those areas where it's happening to young teenage girls at risk of being groomed into prostitution.