That particular urban legend was about a different flute found a few years ago.

There was no way to conclude anything about the scale from the fragment they found.

This one seems have had at least four equally spaced holes. You can't tell which end the embouchure was at, or how much space there was between the embouchure and the fingerholes. Nor can you even tell if it's a flute or a reed instrument.

There are a vast number of different scales in use in present-day simple flutes from around the world. In a lot of cultures, there simply isn't a fixed notion of scale - any selection of distinguishable pitches is okay. There's no reason to believe Palaeolithic Europe had any scale you could put a name to.