Spring tides: always happen (about twice a month) when the moon is aligned with the sun or opposite it (viewed from earth) since then the gravitational powers of moon and sun add together to yield a larger overall effect.
The word 'spring' for a time of year and for an especially high tide come from the same source, i.e. 'spring' as 'grow, rise (rather quickly)', but the time of the year doesn't give the name to the tide.

Wolfgang