Searching for Le Vielle returned a french Wikipaedia entry for -

"Vielle à roue - Ne doit pas être confondu avec Vièle."

Simple enough - it's a viol with a wheel. Not to be confused with an ordinary viol!

The V&A Musical Instrument Catalogue contains several references to viols with a carved woman's head e.g "The pegbox, with a carved
head of a woman with the hair tied in a bow in eighteenth-century manner, was originally a viol pegbox for six pegs, the holes for two of them now being plugged."