First, you claimed I used the 7% fiure in connection with the Canadian pipeline. I did not.

Second, the term "by-product" refers to something that is either unwanted, unexpected or unuseable.

There is little "by-product" with crude oil when treated the way we do in the US..

We make plastics, medicines, run our cars and heat our houses. After that, we make mcaddam and pave the roads.

I assume the Canadian tar sands oil will have the sediment removed and the rest processed just like any other crude oil.

Haw much is waste? Q should know if he is inclined to answer your question.