The book does report a "Synopsis of Charts" that tells what "charts" were researched to compile the lists, but so far as I've found so far does not indentify which chart produced an individual entry:

This may help with understanding what information is in the lists - or may not (?)

CHART SYNOPSIS

1890-1899
Reporting top 1 to top 3
1. Phonogram (early 1890s record industry periodical)
2. Phonoscope (1896-1899; monthly lists of top records)
3. Sheet music sales
4. ASCAP and other lists of top period songs
5. Record label catalogs: Columbia, Edison, Berliner, & regional labels
6. Jim Walsh columns for Hobbies Magazine on pioneer recording artists

1900-1909
Reporting 5-10
1. Jim Walsh
2. Talking Machine World (monthly record industry periodical)
3. Sheet music sales
4. ASCAP
5. Record label publications: Victor, Edison, Columbia, Zono-Phone
6. Best-selling-records information

1910-1919
Reporting top 10
1. Talking Machine World (published monthly lists of record labels' top sellers from 1914-21)
2. Billboard (sheet music best sellers, 1913; weekly lists of top songs in vaudeville, 1913-18)
3. Jim Walsh
4. Sheet music sales
5. ASCAP
6. Record label publications
7. Best-selling-records information

1920-1926
Reporting top 10 to 15
1. Billboard
2. Talking Machine World (through 1929)
3. Other trade publications
4. Sheet music sales
5. ASCAP
6. Best-selling-records information

1927-1933
Reporting top 20
1. Record label best-seller rankings (published each month in trade periodicals from 1929-1938)
2. Billboard
3. Other trade publications
4. Sheet music sales
5. ASCAP

1934-1938
Reporting top 20
BEST SELLING RECORDS:
1. Record label best-seller rankings
2. Miscellaneous reference sources (for record labels not listed)

1934-1940
Top 20
HIT PARADE/RADIO AIRPLAY:
1. "Your Hit Parade" (April 1935-July 1940)
2. Billboard radio airplay charts
3. ASCAP

1938-1954
Top 15 to 30
JUKE BOX CHARTS:
1. Billboard "Music Box Machine" (1938-44) and "Most Played in Juke Boxes" (1944-54) charts
2. Billboard regional favorites (1940-44)
3. Billboard "up and coming hits" (Nov. 1947-May 1948)
4. Billboard "Best Buys" - regional and up & coming hits - supplemented by other trade publications (used from Nov. 1952-Dec. 1954 for positions #21-30 when Billboard reduced chart size)

1945-1954
Top 15 to 30
DISC JOCKEY CHARTS:
1. Billboard "Most Played by Disc Jockeys" chart
2. Billboard up & coming hits (1947-48)
3. Billboard regional and up & coming hits, with other trade publications (1952-54)

John