Regarding homophobia in some/all African countries, I think it's pretty widespread. In Ivory Coast, Ghana and Senegal, which I know well, gay people are daily attacked, beaten and even killed in the open street by men who seem enraged by their very presence. It isn't anything to do with HIV, but both Muslim and Christian cultures over there are viciously and unequivocally anti-gay. I've seen signs in airports in all three countries warning western tourist passengers to turn around and go straight home if they have any intention of conducting gay relationships or indulging in homosexual practices. The signs are menacing and threaten instant Police arrest. Some of this stems from sex-tourism, a scourge of under-developed countries. For very little money, one can 'hire' a sexual partner of any age or gender; due to the terrible poverty, people are driven to any acts in order to eat. But the authorities seem to target gay men particularly.