They off alternative complementary activites to the main festival B3cause fringe activities are usually free they pull in passers by who might not be especially interested in the music Some festivsl are overorganised and fringes provide opportunities for more spontaneous singarounds and session of which there are fewer at so e festival By their ticket cost, festivals are at risk of excluding their target audience. Fringe activities permit inclusion of all regardless of cost. People who attend fringes to festival are hardly "parasites" but probavly complement the main event?