Alex, I don't know about 1901 specifically but my husband was a child in Indiana in the 50s/60s and he very clearly remembers colored drinking fountains, lunch counters, etc. Also in the 1920s the largest Klan membership in the US was in the state of Indiana. (Maybe the Midwest doesn't count as being "north" but it definitely isn't "south.")

I believe "separate but equal" was a ruling of the US Supreme Court - someone please tell me if that is incorrect.