Had a skim through Courlander 'Negro Folk Music' and there's surprisingly little that can be directly related to chanties. Of course the language and formats are there, but no full choruses or verse like there are with the Minstrel songs.

However the same phrases kept cropping up which also occur in chanties. I particularly noted:
Never seen the like since I was born
Comb their heads with an old jaw bone
Hand me down my (accessory or article of clothing)
Carry me to my burying ground
Dig a grave with a silver spade and lower me down with a golden chain

Old John Booker songs occur in the African-American repertoire and in the Minstrel and chanty genre.

Strong reference made to the influence of Scottish and other European tunes.