It's my understanding that there is universal conscription in Israel, both males and females. Israelis are certainly not united in support of Benjamin Netanyahu, who has held onto power by a thread for 12 years. It's a complicated matter, and I'm not ready to pass judgment on either side. Many of the Jewish settler songs were written in the 1950s, when American progressives (including Pete Seeger) were solidly in support of the new State of Israel as an answer to the Holocaust. Many of us had read Leon Uris (Exodus, et al.), and we had high hopes for the idealism of the State of Israel. It hasn't all worked out as we had hoped, but there still are many good things to be said about Israel. If only a State of Palestine could also arise and prosper. I know many Israelis who have the same hope.
I don't think that in the 1950s and 1960s, Israel considered local Palestinians to be "the enemy," although I'm sure that the local Palestinians suffered most. The Israelis saw "the enemy" as the combined military forces of all the surrounding Arab nations.