The ultimate resource, at least for music in the US, is a book called "Pop Memories 1890-1954" by Joel Whitburn, which is an alphabetical listing, by artist, of the top charted hits, it also features an alphabetical listing, by song, and a week by week chronology of of the 898 number one hits for those 65 years. It is not a collection of charts, however, though it lists say, Kay Kyser's "Lights out til Reveille" as first charting on 7/26/41, and tells that it was #1 for 2 weeks, and was on the chart for 15 weeks, it doesn't list the chart for the week of 7/26--

The web site listed above does list songs by chart position and year, but doesn't credit the source for the information--but if all you want is an idea of what songs were most popular when, it is helpful--

I use the Pop Memories book all the time, and if you perform (or want to perform) a lot of music from those times, it is indispensible--