IP scrambling would 'probably' not help much, as there are ways to easily subvert that....(no, I'm NOT gonna tell those who don't already know)....my CONTINUED wish is for a requirement that something be typed in the From: box...that would not solve it all, but would help...Yeah, it is also easy to set 3-4 cookies and have multiple 'memberships', so we'll never be able to control those with a penchant for mischief....vigilance is the only way