This is a postscript to M Ted's postings. The Toots Paka group is pictured in Kanahele's book. Ome member is playing the Hawaiian steel guitar. Toots, once a dancer on Broadway, is shown playing the 'ukulele in the quintet, which "headlined the Orpheum circuit". By 1902 July Paka and his group were a hit. Joseph Kekuku was in the "Bird of Paradise" troupe which "was featured at the Wembley Exhibition in London." The bottleneck could well have been a simple derivation from the sliding steel bar on the Hawaiian steel guitar.