It does seem likely that guard dogs were more usual than the collie type in the Palestinian area 2000 years ago; from Canaan dogs to the Anatolian dogs discussed by Richard W. We will probably never know for sure. Did the Egyptians embalm dogs as well as cats and primates? If so, some evidence might be there. The border collie in part seems to have been spread by the Vikings, but no one knows where this type was first bred.
I have had personal contact with only one Great Pyrenees. It was owned by a country hotel keeper. It had a habit of sneaking up on one, sitting on one's feet, and leaning back in order to receive attention. It became more wary when one of the guests who was a dog trainer taught it a few lessons beginning by stepping on its paws. I understand they are primarily working dogs.
The Komondor is becoming popular with what I call the ranchette crowd. Breeders are softening its temperament and some strains may lose their guard ability. The Kuvasv was one of the first (I think) of these guard type dogs from eastern Europe to be used in the western states. Now I am seeing it in the western cities.
Aristotle in 300 BC mentioned dogs of different breeds from different areas, but did not describe them.