Subject: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Pooh Date: 21 Feb 99 - 06:55 PM Would appreciate HELP PLEASE, Translation and/or Lyrics in Gaelic. Thank you. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Philippa Date: 22 Feb 99 - 12:19 PM yes, soon |
Subject: Lyr Add: CHOINLEACH GHLAS AN FHÓMHAIR From: Philippa Date: 22 Feb 99 - 02:55 PM Ar choinleach ghlas an Fh¢mhair, a st¢ir¡n gur dhearc m‚ uaim Ba deas do chos i mbr¢ig 's ba r¢dheas do leagan s£l; Do ghrua ar dhath na r¢sa¡ 's do chuirn¡n¡ bh¡ fite dl£th, Monuar gan sinn ' r bp¢sadh n¢ 'r bord loinge 'triall 'un si£il T buachaill¡ na h- ite seo ag athru 'gus ag ‚ir¡ teann Is lucht na gcoc n rd a' de namh f ruis do mo chail¡n donn D ngluaiseadh R¡ na Sp inne thar s ile 's a shl¢ite cruinn Bhr£fainn f‚ar is f sach 's bh‚inn ar l imh le mo chail¡n donn. Ceannacht buaibh ar aontaigh' d mb¡nn agus mo chail¡n donn Gluais is tar a ch‚ad-searc n¢ go dt‚ muid thar Ghaoth-Bearra 'nonn Go scartar ¢na ch‚ile b rr na gcraobh 's an eala ¢n toinn N¡ scarfar sinn ¢ ch‚ile 's n¡l ach baois dao¡bh a chur 'n bhur gcionn. Chuir m‚ litir scr¢fa ions' ar mo 'sweetheart' agus casaoid gh‚ar, Chuir s¡ chugam ar¡s ¡ go rabh a cro¡ istigh i l r mo chl‚ibh. Cum na h-eala is m¡ne n 'n s¡oda 's n cluimh na n-‚an Nach trom an osna n¡mse nuair a smaointim ar a bheith 'scaradh l‚i 'S‚ chuala m‚ D‚ Domhnaigh mar ch¢mhr 'gabh il idir mhn ibh Go raibh s¡ 'gabh il a p¢sadh ar ¢gfhear d bhfuil san it. A st¢ir¡n, glac mo chomhairle 's a' f¢mhar seo fan mar at 'S cha ligim le 'bhfuil beo th£, a st¢r, n¢ 's t£ mo ghr . Translation [From Larry Keith Ogle, via the unofficial Clannad website, and with some improvements by Philippa] In the green stubble-fields of Autumn I saw you, my sweetheart. Nice were your feet in shoes And wonderful - your nimble gait. [- the look in your eye; 's£l' is the genitive of 's£il', but Ogle gives the correct translation of 'siubhal' as given at the Clannad site, modern spelling 'si£l'] Your hair the color of roses And your ringlets tightly plaited Alas that we're not married Or on board ship sailing away [Both Larry and I have some difficulties with the first lines of verse II, so for the time-being, we skip to the line 'D ngluaiseadh R¡ na Spainne..':] If the King of Spain would Go abroad with his assembled men I would trample pasture and wilderness And I would be with my brown-haired girl
If only my brown girl and I were buying cows at the fair
I wrote a letter to my sweetheart containing a sharp complaint
adapted from: http://www.jtwinc.com/clannad/scoinlea.htm |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: pooh Date: 22 Feb 99 - 03:17 PM Thank you Philippa, Absolutely BRILLIANT ! Have been searching for this for AGES. Many,Many Thanks, Pooh |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Annraoi via Philippa Date: 14 May 99 - 02:04 PM Ri the beginning of the second verse, annraoi writes: "The local lads are complaining and getting fired up,/And the ones with the high-piled hairdo's are making homes for my brownhaired girl. I think the reference to the hair goes back to the C18 fashion of wig-wearing by men. Any other feasible interpretation would be welcomed." I see the diacriticals have become critical, so I'm glad I added a deciphering key -- but I'll return with an HTML sorted lyric soon - Philippa |
Subject: Lyr Add: CHOINLEACH GHLAS AN FHÓMHAIR From: Philippa Date: 14 May 99 - 02:33 PM Ar choinleach ghlas an Fhómhair, a stóirín gur dhearc mé uaim Ba deas do chos i mbróig 's ba ródheas do leagan súl; Do ghrua ar dhath na rósaí 's do chuirníní bhí fite dlúth, Monuar gan sinn ' r bpósadh nó 'r bord loinge 'triall 'un siúil
Tá buachaillí na h- ite seo ag athru 'gus ag éirí teann
Ceannacht buaibh ar aontaigh' dá mbínn agus mo chailín donn
Chuir mé litir scrófa ions' ar mo 'sweetheart' agus casaoid ghéar,
'Sé chuala mé Dé Domhnaigh mar chómhrá 'gabháil idir mhnáibh
á =a/ = á |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Susan-Marie Date: 23 Aug 99 - 12:59 PM Has anyone sung an English version of this? Don't get me wrong, I like the gaelic, but when I sing in gaelic I usually try to do a verse or two in english so the listeners have a gist of what's going on. Phillipa, Pooh, do you have any advice on a SINGABLE translation? And what's with the "hair the color of roses"? Are we talking dead (brown) roses here? :) |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Philippa Date: 23 Aug 99 - 04:04 PM Cheeks like roses; grua= cheek, not gruaige=hair My only advice on a singable translation is to make up your own |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Susan-Marie Date: 23 Aug 99 - 04:30 PM Thanks Philipa, I will try my own version if no-one else comes forward. Cheeks like roses - yes, that's much better. ANy thoughts on the significance of her feet being nice in shoes? I was thinking maybe the shoes could have been a gift from her admirer, or maybe she'd gotten new shoes for a dance, or for the coming winter... |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Annraoi Date: 23 Aug 99 - 10:10 PM Just back from Donegal. While there I checked with John Ghráinne, one of the last seanchaithe left, on this very interpretation. He accepted my "high-piled hair" but suggested that "high hats" would be equally easible. The social implications were the same. Annraoi |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Philippa Date: 24 Aug 99 - 07:51 AM I think shoes, new ones anyway, were a luxury. And I suppose there's something sexy about the feet. anyway, lots of Irish songs mention the nice buckles on a woman's shoes. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Susan-Marie Date: 24 Aug 99 - 12:11 PM Thanks for the shoe context, Philippa. There seem to be more syllables in the gaelic words than in the words of the english translation, so I think a singable english version would need some additional details - like shiny buckles on those shoes! I'll see what I can come up with. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: David Date: 24 Aug 99 - 10:35 PM Brian O'Rourke has published two sets of books/tapes (Irish Academic Press, Blackrock, Co. Dublin), each with a dozen or so songs, including the Irish lyrics, a literal translation into English, and a poetic and singable English version (as well as the music and commentary). The tapes have recordings of sean nos singers singing both the Irish and English versions. My singing friends in Ireland say they are brilliant singable translations, ach tá beagán Gaeilge agum. The first is Blas Meala: A Sip from the Honey Pot. The second, which contains Coinnleach Glas an Fhómhair, is Pale Rainbow: An Dubh ina Bhán. I don't have the time to enter the words right now, but I'll send them along a little later. Thanks for the stimulating questions. David |
Subject: Lyr Add: COINNLEACH GLAS AN FHÓMHAIR/HARVEST FIELD From: David Date: 25 Aug 99 - 02:49 AM Susan-Marie, Here is a poetic and singable version that you can try, or select a verse to try.
COINNLEACH GLAS AN FHÓMHAIR
In a harvest field at evening, my sweetheart, you passed me by;
Oh, I wrote to her complaining that her strange ways were hard to thole,
Oh, I'll pay little heed to what people may say or try,
O Lady lightly laughing, why can’t we just put to sea
Oh, it is a cause of shame and it drains all my hope to see
Oh, the hills and glens of Ireland my tired eyes will see no more, I had to look up "thole,” too, and it wasn't even in my computer's Am. Heritage Dict. It's a dialectic word meaning endure. Notice that not only do the ending words rhyme but most lines have several internal rhymes or assonances in the style of the old Gaelic poetry. O'Rourke's books are a great resource and you might be able to order them from Irish Books and Media in Minneapolis. Happy singing, |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Susan-Marie Date: 25 Aug 99 - 07:45 AM Oh David, thank you so much! Brian O'Rourke does a much better job that I could have. I will definately look for his books and tapes. You have no idea how happy you've made me - this song is the one that got me hooked on Irish music because of its melody. Thanks again. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: David Date: 27 Aug 99 - 02:49 AM Glad to help, Susan-Marie. I have a fond spot in my heart for the first sean nos song I heard which also dragged me into this whole new world of Irish singing! You might be able to order Brian's books from this site www.irishbook.com It's Irish Books and Media and,. outside of Ireland, might be the best place to search for Irish publications. Happy singing! David |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Susan-Marie Date: 27 Aug 99 - 08:09 AM David - I contacted Irish Books and Media, and they told me the books/tapes are out of print. I'm waiting to hear from the publisher, and will probably check other threads for suggestions on how to locate copies of out-of-print books. Sometimes its more fun when you have to spend months tracking something down! |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Philippa Date: 27 Aug 99 - 08:19 AM another correction to the 14 May transcription: h-ite should read h-ite. Ar chonnlaigh ghlais an fhómhair...: My lasting love, my joy supreme, in autumn lean I looked from me And found the wine of wisdom old in hazeled health on nutting-tree Your features fair as any rose, your heels and hose old hags begrudge My grief that we're not on the foam, beyond their hate and elbow nudge Tá buachaillí na h-áite seo ...: The heroes of this haggard small wear shrunken eels on handstaff-head Their buailtín's flash on old barn door; they shout and roar of bridal bed But if the king of Holy spain would smuggle grain and grapes once more I'd spill their blood on stumps and sand, and hold your hand for evermore Ceannach buaibh ar aonaigh...: If I were with my wee brown girl beyond the span of Barra's oak The buying and the selling men would twist their beards and long pipes smoke Until they break asunder the top branch and the bridled broom The wonder of such whitened flame would wave and swan in love consume Last Sunday tidings came to me as gossips gabbled over cups That my brown girl was going to wed with one who had more downs than ups My darling take your love's advice and do not splice till Easter day When we'll be safe beyond their sight and wicked spite, far far away. -- if you notice a slight difference in the first words in Irish, I think Tunney gives an older form, when the dative case (changes in words after prepositions) was still in use. Annraoi could confirm whether or not I've got the right explanation and terminology. |
Subject: Theme song: Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Philippa Date: 14 Dec 99 - 09:41 AM If you see "Felicia's Journey" (a distressing gloomy film indeed), you'll hear this song running though it. the singer is Kate Crossan, from Co Antrim but living in the Toronto area. |
Subject: correction Coinnleach Glas an Fhómhair/Translation From: Philippa Date: 14 Dec 99 - 09:49 AM Tá buachaillí na h-áite seo ag athru 'gus ag éirí teann h-a/ite keeps showing up as h-ite! I saw a poem called "The Green Autumn Stubble" which was based on Coinnleach Glas an Fhómhair, but I couldn't sing it to the tune I know. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Ghlas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 01 Jun 02 - 04:39 AM I'll ask someone to do abc or midi soon. Guitar tab can be found on the web TAB from John Kean coinleach 1 |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: Fiolar Date: 01 Jun 02 - 09:14 AM Susan-Marie: You could try the following book store in Ireland www.bantrybk.com They found a book for me that I had searched many years for.
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Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 01 Jun 02 - 02:37 PM You could also try Cló Iar-Chonachta www.cic.ie I found it awkward to search their on-line catalogue. If you have similar difficulties, send your query to cic@iol.ie stating what books and or recordings you are seeking ("Blás Meala" in this case) |
Subject: Lyr Add: Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 03 Jun 02 - 08:37 AM I found a different version of Coinleach Glas an Fhóómhair published in Breandán Ó Buachalla. "Nua-Dhuanaire, cuid II". Baile átha Cliath [Dublin]: Institiúid Ardléinn [Institute of Higher Studies], 1976. I have heard Conamara singers perform Coinleach Glas an Fhómhair, but I don't have any recordings. The difference I've noticed is in the style of singing (highly ornamented) rather than in the wording. But perhaps someone else can tell us whether the lyrics given below would be typical of those sung in Conamara? Ó Buachalla gives as his source Royal Irish Academy 23 E 12, 73 (1846) He also mentions that other versions are printed in Ó Muirgheasa, "Dhá Chéad de Cheoltaibh Uladh (Dublin, 1934) and S Ó Baoighill, "Cnuasacht de Cheoltaí Uladh" (Comhaltas Uladh, 1944) – those would be Ulster versions as are the verses previously posted on this thread. It is from the last-named work that I will be sending in sheet music to be converted to aba/midi. Ó Baoghill was a collector and his collaborators on the Cnuasacht were a musician and a source singer/collector, so this should be a good source. Unfortunately, the Cnuasacht does not give any background information to the songs published therein. COINLEACH GLAS AN FHÓMHAIR Ar choinleach glas an Fhómhair, a stoirín, is é a bhreathnaíos tú, Is tú an maighre maiseach mómhar, is rodheas do leagan súl; Do chúilin mar an ómra coirlíneach fite dlúth, Mo chumha, gan mé is mo stóirín ar bord loinge ag triall ar siúl. Go mba slán don bhliain anuraidh nuair a bhí mise agus grá mo chléibh In ár suí ar éadan mullaigh agus aire againn le grasaibh dé, Más é sin an chruachinniúin nó an mífhortún bhí i ndán domh féin, A bheith mar cheithearnach coille nó mar dhuine a d'fhágfadh a ghrá ina dhéidh. Monuar! Gan mise i Sacsana is mo mhuirnín beag as Éirinn liom, Nó amuigh ar ghlasfharraighe mar bháitear na mílte long; Sin is gaoth is fearthainn do mo ruagadh ó thoinn gto toinn I ndúil le Dia go gcasfaí mé ar an oileán a mbíonn mo róshearc ann. Chuir mé litir scríofa os íseal le casaoid chrua, Chuir sí ar ais arís í is bhí mo chroí istigh chomh dubh le gual; A chailín mar an ómra, is í is fineálta ná clúmh na n-éan, Is trom gach osna ghnímse an uair a smaoinim ort, a stór mo chléibh. Tabhair aon phóg amháin dhomh in a ndearna mise de mhailís leat, A chúl deas trom na bhfáinní atá ag fás leat mar an féar ag teacht; Féadann tú aithris dod mháithrín más leat a bheith ag triall liom seal Go dtréigfinn féin mo chairde is go snámhfainn Loch Éirne leat. Is cuma liom féin goidé bhéas na daoine ag rá, Bhéarfad cuairt is céilí sa taobh úd a mbíonn mo ghrá Mar is ise béal na céille is péarla deas an bhrollaigh bháin, Is í mo shearc is rún mo chléibh í, gí nár éirigh liom a hintinn fháil. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Martin |Ryan Date: 04 Jun 02 - 05:39 AM Susan-Marie Both of Brian's books turn up regularly in bookshops in Ireland. Haven't seen the tapes for a while - but they might be out there. Drop me a PM if you'd like me to pick either or both up for you. Regards |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: MMario Date: 05 Jun 02 - 09:21 AM Have tif's of two tunes. Will be posting abc's soon. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: MMario Date: 05 Jun 02 - 10:13 AM X:1 T:Coinleach Glas an Fhomhair (1) N:music sent in by Phillipa I:abc2nwc M:4/4 L:1/8 K:Eb z6(C E)|F3F E2(F G)|(A3B) c3(A/2 B/2)|(c3B/2 A/2) B2c2| F3E F2(C E)|F3F E2(F G)|(A3B) c3(A/2 B/2)|(c3B/2 A/2) B2c| F3E F2c2|e3e f3(c/2 B/2)|(A3c) e3(f/2 e/2)|c3(B/2 A/2) B2c| F3F E2(C E) F3F E2(F G)|(A3B) c3(A/2 B/2)|(c3B/2 A/2) B2c|F3E F2z2 w:Ar_ choin-leach ghlas an_ Fh¢_-mhair, a_ st¢ir__-¡n gur dhearc m‚ uaim w:Ba_ deas do chos i m-br¢_-ig 's ba r¢__-dheas do leag-an s£l; w:Do ghrua ar dhath na_ r¢_-sa¡ 's do chuir-n¡_-n¡ bh¡ fi-te dl£th, w:Mo_-nuar gan sinn 'r_ bp¢s_-adh n¢ 'r bord__ loin-ge 'triall 'un si£il X:2 T:Coinleach Glas an Fhomhair (2) N:"The source given in that book is the singing of Eibhlín Costello as published in Amhráin Mhuighe Seola a book sometimes mentioned by Mudcatter Brian. From that source, this should be a Connacht version." N:music submitted by Phillipa Q:1/4=66 I:abc2nwc M:4/4 L:1/8 K:Eb z6(B, C)|E2(E C) (B, C) (E G)|B4c z(e c)| (B G) F E (E F) (G E)|C6zD|E2(E C) (B, C) (E G)| (B4c) z(e c)|(B G) F E (E F) (G F)|E6(B, C)|E2(D C) (B, C) (E G)| B4c2z2e c|(B G) F D (E F) (G E)|C6D D|E2(E C) (B, C) (E G)| B4c ze c|(B G) F E (E F G) F|E4z4 w:Ar_ choin-leach_ ghlas_ an_ Fhó-mhair, a_ stói_-rín gur dhearc_ mé_ uaim w:Ba deas do_ chos_ i_ mbróig_ 's ba ró_-dheas do lea_-gan_ súl; w:Do_ ghrua ar_ dhath_ na_ ró-saí 's do chuirn_-íní bhí fi_-te_ dlúth, w:Mo-nu-ar gan_ sinn_ 'r_ bpó-sadh nó 'r bord_ loin-ge 'triall__ 'un siúil |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 05 Jun 02 - 01:43 PM Thanks Mario. Very speedy as usual. You omitted publication details. 1)S Ó Baoighill et al, "Cnuasacht de Cheoltaí Uladh" (Comhaltas Uladh, 1944) 2)An Roinn Oideachais [Dept of Education]"Cuisle an Cheoil" (Dublin: Oifig an tSoláthair [gov printing office], 1976 Sources for Coinleach Glas an Fhómhair Please add to the list if you have other information recordings - Clannad, Micheál Ó Domhnaill (with Bothy Band?) I think Brían Ó Ruairc "Blás Meala: a Sip from the Honeypot" is a book with accompanying cassette Publications referred to in previous messages in this thread: Breandán Ó Buachalla. "Nua-Dhuanaire, cuid II", Ó Muirgheasa, "Dhá Chéad de Cheoltaibh Uladh (Dublin, 1934) and S Ó Baoighill, "Cnuasacht de Cheoltaí Uladh" (Comhaltas Uladh, 1944), P. Tunney "Where Songs Do Thunder" Other publications: "Amhráin Mhuighe Seola", Ó Dómhnalláin. "Tacar Amhrán" (1925), "Cuisle an Cheoil"(1976), "Ceol na nOileán" (1925, cited by Ó Muirgheasa) |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: MMario Date: 05 Jun 02 - 01:48 PM whoops! sorry it didn't transfer over to the ABC's (I stuck it in the "copyright information" section - now I know! |
Subject: Coinnlech Glas An Fhoghmhair From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 29 Jun 02 - 09:23 AM I've been looking at the JIFSS Index at Bruce Olson's site If you have access to old copies of the Journal of the Irish Folk Song Society you might look up: Coinnlech Glas An Fhoghmhair: JIFSS 16, 134 (I think volume 16 would have been circa 1918/20) |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 26 Jul 02 - 10:05 PM I've come across yet another translation. The Irish language lyrics and an English language translation were published by Douglas Hyde in the 1890s, and are reprinted in Hyde. "Amhrán Chúige Chonnacht I-III", edited by Breandán Ó Conaire. Dublin:Irish Academic Press, 1985 Hyde compiled his version from a manuscript by Nicholas O'Kearney. Nioclás Ó Cearnaighof County Louth and from the recitation of an unnamed 'old woman' in the county Mayo. |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Julia Date: 26 Jul 02 - 10:51 PM Hello- I've always loved this melody, and wanted to sing it, but not being a Gaelic speaker, I don't sing in Gaelic. So I took the liberty of writing my own lyrics for the melody as follows I heard the story from a woman named Dot Mahoney of Syracuse NY who said this happened to her ancestors Apparently all the men of the village had preceded the women and children to set up homes for them The ship with the men was wrecked with no survivors, but the news did not get to the families before they set out When the women arrived, many of them pregnant, they had nothing but what they had brought with them LAMENT OF THE IMMIGRANT WOMEN Julia Lane 1988 Weary, weary is the fate Of those who must leave their own country For cruel war and bitter hate Have made us sail across the sea But when we reach New England's shore The pain of wand'ring will be past We will meet our men who went before Our new lives to begin at last We finally came to Boston town With thanks and joy in all our minds But oh, the cruel news we found Made us long for all we'd left behind For on that bright New England shore Our husbands' ship had never been seen So many nights we passed in fear But never this had any dreamed I long to see my dear one's eyes And feel his arms so strong and warm The life within me stirs at night And weep I must for the child unborn For she'll never know her father's smile Or see the sunlight on his hair He now lies cold beneath the waves Would that I could lie beside him there |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Julia Date: 26 Jul 02 - 10:56 PM Forgot to mention- I sang this at the Celtic Connections festival in Glasgow in January and guy named Hugh Gallagher told me that Clannad had collected the original from his aunt, Annie Lee Gallagher Cheers- Julia Lane (Castlebay) |
Subject: RE: Lyrics Coinleach Glas An Fhomhair/Translation From: GUEST,Philippa Date: 27 Jul 02 - 08:58 AM the Castlebay in Barra? If so, you should be learning the (Scottish) Gaelic, Julia.[Gaelic is still a community language in Barra/ intensive and correspondence courses in Gaelic are available for adults] Thank you very much for your contributions. I think your song deserves a thread of its own as it is sure to interest people who wouldn't normally look at Irish-language threads. To make line breaks, you need to add <br> after each line. Hugh (Aodh) Ó Gallchobhair/ Ó Gallchóir [I'm not sure which spelling he prefers & uses] is a fiddler, and proprietor of the family tavern in Bun Beag, Co. Donegal. If I'm over that day, I'll tell him he's been cited on Mudcat! |
Subject: RE: Lyr Req: Choinleach Ghlas an Fhómhair From: GUEST,Damian Nixon Date: 01 Mar 20 - 01:28 PM The boys with the tall hats/heads in verse two (lucht na gcocan ard') is a reference to the british sailors/soldiers' attire. |
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